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<p><b>Appulse</b> is the least <a href="Angular_distance" title="Angular distance">apparent distance</a> between one <a href="Astronomical_object" title="Astronomical object">celestial object</a> and another, as seen from a third body during a given period.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Appulse is seen in the apparent motion typical of two <a href="Planet" title="Planet">planets</a> together in the sky, or of the <a href="Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> to a <a href="Star" title="Star">star</a> or planet while the Moon orbits <a href="Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>, as seen from Earth. An appulse is an apparent phenomenon caused by perspective only; the two objects involved are not near in physical space.

</p><p>An appulse is related to a <a href="Conjunction_(astronomy)" title="Conjunction (astronomy)">conjunction</a>, but the definitions differ in detail. While an appulse occurs when the <a href="Apparent_separation" class="mw-redirect" title="Apparent separation">apparent separation</a> between two bodies is at its minimum, a conjunction occurs at the moment when the two bodies have the same <a href="Right_ascension" title="Right ascension">right ascension</a> or <a href="Ecliptic_coordinate_system" title="Ecliptic coordinate system">ecliptic longitude</a>. In general, the precise time of an appulse will be different from that of a conjunction.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Objects which exhibit <a href="Retrograde_and_prograde_motion" title="Retrograde and prograde motion">retrograde motion</a> (such as planets) occasionally display an appulse event without an associated conjunction event. In these cases, the two objects appear to approach each other, but turn away before reaching a momentary coincidence of right ascension.

</p><p>When the celestial bodies appear so close together that one actually passes in front of the other, the event is classified as a <a href="Transit_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transit (astronomy)">transit</a>, <a href="Occultation" title="Occultation">occultation</a>, or <a href="Eclipse" title="Eclipse">eclipse</a>, and not an appulse.

</p><p>Appulses are naked-eye events for <a href="Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">general observers</a> when involving bright planets and the Moon. They facilitate finding faint objects when such objects are involved. Very close appulse events provide an opportunity to witness two objects together in the same telescopic field of view, which is an appealing curiosity in amateur telescopy, e.g. Jupiter-Saturn appulse of December 13, 2020.

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<ul><li><a href="Opposition_(astronomy)" title="Opposition (astronomy)">Opposition (astronomy)</a></li>

<li><a href="Syzygy_(astronomy)" title="Syzygy (astronomy)">Syzygy (astronomy)</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFHer_Majesty's_Nautical_Almanac_Office_and_United_States_Naval_Observatory2012" class="citation web cs1">Her Majesty's Nautical Almanac Office and United States Naval Observatory (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021173505/http://asa.hmnao.com/SecM/Glossary.html#appulse">"Appulse"</a>. <i>Glossary, The Astronomical Almanac Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asa.hmnao.com/SecM/Glossary.html#appulse">the original</a> on 2020-10-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-28</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJean_Meeus1991" class="citation book cs1">Jean Meeus (1991). <i>Astronomical Algorithms</i>. Willman-Bell Inc., Richmond, Virginia.</cite></span>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2023-09-05" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Appulse&oldid=1173920300">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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